https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45199 Scaevola spinescens is endemic to Australia and traditionally used as a medicinal plant. While its bioactive compounds have been studied, their concentrations in different parts of the plant have not been reported. This study compared total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoids, saponins and antioxidant properties, as well as major individual phytochemical compounds in the whole root, root bark, root wood, whole stem, stem bark, stem wood, and leaf of S. spinescens. The results showed the leaf had significantly highest concentrations of TPC followed by the root bark and stem bark (47.34, 12.24 and 10.20 mg GAE/g, respectively). Flavonoids concentrations were also significantly higher in the leaf compared to the root bark and stem bark (20.95, 6.22 and 4.19 mg CE/g, respectively). For saponins, the root bark contained significantly highest concentrations (112.58 mg EE/g). Luteolin 7-glucoside was isolated and identified in the leaf of S.spinescens. Eight major compounds were identified with the leaf displaying the highest diversity of major compounds, and in higher concentrations, compared to the other plant constituents. As the leaf and root bark contained the highest concentrations of phytochemicals, these plant parts are recommended as starting material for future studies, to further isolate and identify the major compounds from S.spinescens and investigate their biological properties for use in pharmaceutical and food applications.]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 14:40:23 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45055 Wed 26 Oct 2022 11:55:28 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44367 Wed 12 Oct 2022 10:10:29 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22361 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:08:31 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31434 S. chinensis. Acetone (50% v/v) was found to be the optimal extraction solvent for extractable solids (12.2%), phenolic compounds (60 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoids (100 mg CE/g DW), proanthocyanidins (47.4 mg CE/g DW), and saponins (754 mg EE/g DW) as well as antioxidant capacity (ABTS 334 mM TE/g DW, DPPH 470 mM TE/g DW, FRAP 347 mM TE/g DW, and CUPRAC 310 mM TE/g DW). The extract prepared from 50% acetone had high levels of bioactive compounds (TPC 555 mg GAE/g CRE, flavonoids 819 mg CE/g CRE, proanthocyanidins 392 mg CE/g CRE, and saponins 1,880 mg EE/g CRE) as well as antioxidant capacity (ABTS 414 mM TE/g, DPPH 407 mM TE/g, FRAP 320 mg TE/g, and CUPRAC 623 mM TE/g), thus further confirming that 50% acetone is the solvent of choice. Therefore, 50% acetone is recommended for extraction of phenolic compounds, their secondary metabolites, saponins, and antioxidant capacity from the root of S. chinensis for further isolation and utilisation.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 13:41:31 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44042 Wed 05 Oct 2022 15:32:26 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51697 Wed 01 May 2024 11:28:34 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32419 Tue 27 Sep 2022 09:41:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50021 Tue 27 Jun 2023 15:37:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36239 Tue 17 Mar 2020 12:32:29 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26014 Tue 17 Mar 2020 11:33:29 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29047 Tue 17 Mar 2020 11:33:09 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36608 Tue 16 Jun 2020 10:51:27 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52211 Thu 05 Oct 2023 10:24:26 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20556 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:02:35 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20130 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:51:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27402 Phyllanthus amarus (P. amarus) has been used as a herbal medicine, particularly for liver support, in many countries and its extracts have been shown to possess potent antioxidant and anticancer properties in vitro. The preparation of dried sample is crucial for further extraction and isolation of phytochemicals. In this study, the effects of six different drying methods (hot air, low-temperature air, infrared, microwave, sun, and vacuum drying) on the phytochemical yield and antioxidant capacity were determined to identify the optimal drying method for P. amarus. The results showed that different drying methods, as well as different drying conditions within each method, significantly affected phytochemical yield and antioxidant capacity of P. amarus extracts. Infrared drying at 30°C was the best method for both retention of bioactive compound yield and antioxidant capacity of P. amarus extract, with 12 compounds were identified. In contrast, low-temperature-air drying at 25°C not only required the longest drying time but also significantly reduced the levels of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of P. amarus. Therefore, infrared drying at 30°C is suggested for drying P. amarus for subsequent assessment of bioactivity.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:34:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29023 Momordica charantia L.) has traditionally been used as a medicinal food in many developing countries. It is a tropical fruit claimed to have therapeutic effects due to its content of bioactive compounds. The present review is an attempt to highlight the bitter melon varieties, bioactive composition that is linked to its therapeutic effects, especially antidiabetic effect, in vitro and in vivo models, and understanding of the mechanisms of actions of bitter melon that are associated with epidemiological evidences. This paper also outlines a proposed processing scheme aiming to fully utilize bitter melon and add further value to this fruit.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:31:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29890 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:29:53 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38279 Blepharis is an Afro-Asiatic genus belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It comprises about 126 species that occur in arid and semi-arid habitats. Some species of Blepharis are used in traditional medicines in different countries mainly for their anti-inflammatory, wound healing activities along with treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and bone fractures. Aim of the review: The present review aims to collate and analyze the available data and information on distribution, traditional uses, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Blepharis. Methods: Scientific information of genus Blepharis was retrieved from the online bibliographic databases such as MEDLINE/PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science and Google Scholar and secondary resources including books and proceedings. Results: Seven species of Blepharis were found to be reported frequently as useful in folklore in African and Asian countries. B. maderaspatensis was found to be widely used in Indian traditional medicines whereas the B. ciliaris and B. edulis were common in folklore of Egypt, Jordan, and Arabia. Active phytochemicals of Blepharis are flavonoids from B. ciliaris, alkaloids from B. sindica, phenolic acid derivatives, and phytosterols, and derivatives of hydroxamic acids from B. edulis resulted in possessing diverse biological properties such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. Conclusions: Various species of Blepharis were found to be used in traditional medicine systems in African and Asian countries. Few of these species were studied for their bioactive chemical constituents however the activity guided isolation studies are not performed. Similarly, detailed pharmacological studies in animal models to explore their mechanism of action are also not reported. Future studies should focus on these aspects related to the medicinally used species of Blepharis. The detailed and comprehensive comparative analysis presented here gives valuable information of the currently used Blepharis species and pave the way to investigate other useful species of Blepharis pertaining to ethnobotany, phytochemistry and discovery of new drugs.]]> Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:52:37 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31973 Mon 23 Sep 2019 12:13:48 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54325 Mon 15 Jul 2024 13:54:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36561 Mon 13 Sep 2021 16:06:41 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54740 Mon 11 Mar 2024 14:19:28 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33407 Fri 26 Oct 2018 16:06:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34478 Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (C. roseus) is well known as an important medicinal plant, with compounds such as the vinca alkaloids isolated for their anticancer activity. As such, it is important to determine the effective solvent for bioactive compound extraction from this plant and the suitable drying methods for preparation of starting material. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of extraction solvents and drying methods on bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of C. roseus. Water was found to be the optimal solvent for phenolic and flavonoid extraction; whereas, methanol was the best solvent for saponin and proanthocyanidin extraction. The data also revealed that vacuum drying at 50°C was suitable for drying the leaf and the flower which contained high levels of phenolics and flavonoids, while infrared drying at 35°C was recommended for drying the stem and the root which had high saponin content. Practical applications: This study suggested that different parts of C. roseus had different suitable thermal drying methods. For the leaf and the flower, vacuum drying at 50°C was the optimal drying method, whereas infrared drying at 35°C was suitable for drying the stem and the root. These drying conditions can be easily applied for preparation of dried plant parts with high levels of bioactive compounds in the large scale. Importantly, the data indicated that the stem and the root of C. roseus which were considered as waste when the leaf was used for exploiting alkaloids, possessed great content of saponins. Therefore, these parts can be further used for isolation and purification of saponins.]]> Fri 03 Dec 2021 10:35:25 AEDT ]]>